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An acute hemolytic transfusion reaction (AHTR) is a type of transfusion reaction that is associated with hemolysis. It occurs very soon after the transfusion, and within 24 hrs post-transfusion. It can occur quickly upon transfusing a few milliliters, or up to 1–2 hours post-transfusion. It is also known as an "immediate hemolytic transfusion reaction". This is a medical emergency as it results from rapid destruction of the donor red blood cells by host antibodies (IgG, IgM). It is usually related to ABO blood group incompatibility - the most severe of which often involves group A red cells being given to a patient with group O type blood. Properdin then binds to complement C3 in the donor blood, facilitating the reaction through the alternate pathway cascade. The donor cells also become coated with IgG and are subsequently removed by macrophages in the reticuloendothelial system (RES). Jaundice and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) may also occur. The most common cause is clerical error (i.e. the wrong unit of blood being given to the patient). ==Types== Acute hemolytic transfusion reactions are divided into two general types: *Immune mediated *Nonimmune mediated 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「acute hemolytic transfusion reaction」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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